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Heraldry
is the art of producing and recording coats of arms. It
has had a great influence on flags, creating new kinds of
flags, and laying down ground rules for their design and
use. Anyone who has a coat of arms can also use heraldic
flags. Traditionally these are the long standard, the
rectangular banner, the badge-flag and the pennon.
A coat of arms consists of the following items: a shield,
which can contain symbols relevant the the history or
background of the bearer's family; supporters on
either side of the shield; and a helmet with a wreath,
mantling, and a crest on to of the shield. There may also
be a scroll and a motto. Arms, and the flags that go with
them, are granted to one person only, and may not be used
by anyone else. Do
coats of arms belong to surnames? No, there is no such
thing as a 'coat of arms for a surname'. Many people of
the same surname will often be entitled to completely
different coats of arms, and many of that surname will be
entitled to no coat of arms. Coats of arms belong to
individuals. For any person to have a right to a coat of
arms they must either have had it granted to them or be
descended in the legitimate male line from a person to
whom arms were granted or confirmed in the past.
What are the Pantone number for the colours used in
heraldry? There are no fixed shades for heraldic
colours. If the official description of a coat of arms
gives its tinctures as Gules (red), Azure (blue) and
Argent (white or silver) then, as long as the blue is not
too light and the red not too orange, purple or pink, it
is up to the artist to decide which particular shades they
think are appropriate.
What is a crest? It is a popular misconception that
the word 'crest' describes a whole coat of arms or any
heraldic device. It does not. A crest is a specific part
of a full achievement of arms: the three-dimensional
object placed on top of the helm.
Can the College
of Arms tell me what my clan badge is? No, The
first point to note is that the apparently quite
widespread, but new, belief, is quite erroneous. Only
those of Scottish descent can be associated with a clan in
any way. The clan system is an entirely Scottish
phenomenon, and consists of a few groups of families
centred on old and historically prominent families, with
other associated families (some of the same name as the
principal lineage, but many not). To count as a clan, with
a chief, these groups need to be recognized as such by the
chief Scottish herald, the Lord Lyon King of Arms. This
leads on to the second point, which is that it is Lord
Lyon, and not the English College of Arms, who has
authority and responsibility over matters relating to
clans.
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