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In 1782 Britain acknowledged the exclusive right of the Irish parliament to legislate for Ireland. to reflect the country's enhanced constitutional status, an order of chivalry called the Order of St Patrick was established in the following year. The regalia worn by the knights of this order showed a red saltire on a white background. After the union with Britain in 1801 the St Patrick's Cross continued to feature in the arms and flags adopted by various professional and public bodies during the nineteenth century: examples include the Royal Dublic Society, Royal College of Physicians in Ireland, Queen's University Belfast, the Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland etc. These bodies were non-political but tended to draw their membership from the upper classes in which Unionists predominated. They favoured the St Patrick's Cross as a 'safe' national symbol, which, unlike the harp, was not associated with nationalism and revolution.

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